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In the present study, we report three occurrence of Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome in children from the Brazilian Southeast Region. Lyme disease-like syndrome or Brazilian Baggio-Yoshinari is an exotic and emerging zoonosis not transmitted by ticks belonging to the Ixodes ricinus, complex, caused by spirochetes with atypical and latent morphology, which originates clinical manifestations similar to those, observed in Lyme disease, except for the occurrence of clinical relapses and autoimmune disorders. Method: Were described three cases of Baggio-Yohinari Syndrome, two boys (2 and 8 years) and a girl (12 years). Discussion: No child had erythema migrans, but had a history of having been bitten by ticks, two from pets and one from the countryside. The three children had neurological manifestations, two with polyradiculoneuritis and one with subacute lymphocytic meningitis, none of them had erythema migrans. Borreliosis was investigated by immunohistochemistry by the group of rheumatology. All children were treated with Ceftriaxone for 14 days and then with Dicloxacillin, except the youngest child who was treated with Amoxicillin, for four weeks. The girl developed Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction on the third day of treatment. Conclusion: The child neurologist should always investigate history of contact with ticks even in the absence of erythema. In Brazil, cases with clinical manifestations resembling Lyme disease usually have positive serological tests, a good response to antibiotics, and serological cure.

Lyme disease-like syndrome, Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome