Mesial Temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most common form of focal or location related epilepsy.  Studies have shown that more or less 60% of people living with epilepsy. Memory problems are very common in children with epilepsy.  The objectives of the study were to understand the nature of cognitive impairment and to study the epilepsy related cognitive factors. A total of 36 MTLE children (26 boys and 10 girls (Mean age = 12.17 years, SD = 2.29) Participated in the study, and we used following standardized neuropsychological tests:  Finger tapping, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Logical Memory test, Rey’s Complex Figure Test, Colour Trails Test, Digit vigilance and Digit Symbol Substitution Test. The study uses the statistical measures of correlation analysis to understand the relationship among different cognitive functions. Further, we used factor analysis to find the most powerful factors. The sample was drawn from the unit of Neurology clinic of Bangalore Neuro Centre, Bangalore India. Results indicate that the most affected cognitive functions in this population were those of passage memory, visual memory, visuo-constructive ability and sustained attention. The functions next affected were found to be sustained attention and auditory verbal learning and memory. Motor speed formed an independent factor contributing to decline in cognitive functioning and finally the factor next influenced was found to be verbal fluency.  We concluded that difficulties in logical memory, visual memory and sustained attention domains are associated with a cognitive functional susceptibility for MTLE.