Last modified: 2018-09-09
Abstract
Introduction: Mineralizing lenticulostriate vasculopathy defined on the basis of punctate basal ganglia calcification on axial CT images and linear hyper-densities on reconstructed coronal CT images is a recently described entity in infants and young children with basal ganglia stroke after minor head trauma. There is scarcity of reports of association of mLSV with other neurological disorders.
Methods: Retrospective chart review of children with punctate basal ganglia calcification on CT images.
Results: Twenty-nine children, 22 boys and 7 girls, aged 7 months to 12 years, with mLSV were identified. Stroke was the presenting feature in 25, and seizures in 4. Stroke occurred following minor head injury in 21. In 8 of the children with stroke, the diagnosis of mLSV was made retrospectively. These children presented at mean age of 54.4 months (range, 16 months to 12 years) with persistent motor deficits, 8 months to 10.7 years (mean 39.3 months) after the acute stroke. Barring one child with mLSV who had acute stroke at age 8 years, mean age of onset of acute stroke was 15 months. Four children presented with seizures, including febrile seizure in 1 at age 16month. Remaining 3 had epileptic seizures at age 5, 7, and 11 years respectively, with history of preceding febrile seizures in 2.
Conclusions: In addition to basal ganglia stroke, spectrum of clinical presentation in association with mLSV may include predisposition to seizures. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.