content:sleep_spindles

Sleep spindles

Sleep spindles represent an oscillating electrical potential in the brain. They have a characteristic frequency of 11–16 Hz (usually 12–14 Hz in healthy adults) and last from one to several seconds in duration[1]. On scalp electroencephalography (EEG), spindles are seen as sinusoidal waves that often have a fusiform or “crescendo-decrescendo” morphology[2]. See Figure 1.

Figure 1.Sleep spindles in a 3-month-old infant.Note well-developed sleep spindles in this 30-sec epoch from a PSG recorded on a 3-month-old infant. Sleep spindles between 3-4 months of age often last 5-8 sec and are maximal over Cz. Sensitivity 500 µV peak-to-peak, LFF 0.3 Hz, HFF 35 Hz.[3]

References

1. a Silber MH, Ancoli-Israel S, Bonnet MH, Chokroverty S, Grigg-Damberger MM, Hirshkowitz M, Kapen S, Keenan SA, Kryger MH, Penzel T, Pressman MR, Iber C. The visual scoring of sleep in adults. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007 Mar 15;3(2):121-31.
[PMID: 17557422]
2. a De Gennaro L, Ferrara M. Sleep spindles: an overview. Sleep Med Rev. 2003 Oct;7(5):423-40. doi: 10.1053/smrv.2002.0252.
[PMID: 14573378] [DOI: 10.1053/smrv.2002.0252]
3. a Grigg-Damberger MM. The AASM Scoring Manual four years later. J Clin Sleep Med. 2012 Jun 15;8(3):323-32. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.1928.
[PMID: 22701392] [PMCID: 3365093] [DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.1928]

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