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Aim- To describe neurologicalcomplications in children with cancer  Studyperiod- November 2008 - Aug 2013Materials and Methods:  Neurological  problem as presenting feature or part oftherapy related complications in  childhood malignancies, identified andreviewed. Exclusion-Pre existing neurological problems, with CNS tumors & post chemotherapycognitive dysfunctions excluded.Typeof Study: prospective (3 years) and  Retrospective(1 and half yrs)Results –38/248 children, 3 months to 15 years ofage reviewed.  Acute lymphoblastic  leukemia(ALL) 17/38,  neuroblastoma(NBL)9/38. Fourof  9 had Opsoclonus Myoclonus syndrome.Neurological problems with Ewings /PNET seen in 4.  Histiocytic disorder with CNS deposits  3. Two   were Acute myeloid leukemia. Tumor related neurological problems: seen in 23, remaining15  therapy related. 19 /23 directly related to tumor , 4/23 were paraneoplastic as Opsoclonus myoclonus secondary toneuroblastoma.Cordcompression-9,(NBL-3, Ewings/PNET-4, Germ cell tumor-1, RMS-1). Five presentedwith seizures(ALL-3,AML-1,Histocytosis-1), Encephalopathy with seizure in onewith histiocytosis. Two  had facial nervepalsy with  tumor  infiltration(one AML/one DLBL). OnePtosis(with intracranial neuroblastoma extension) and 1primary HLH presentedwith head ache and vomitings secondary to CNS deposits. Therapy related problems  seen 15 cases. Stroke like presentations seenin 7children( Methotrexate induced). Seizures post methotrexate-4(MTX)/corticalvenous thrombosis therapy in 1(post PEG Asparganise). One had ventriculitiswhile on Induction. One child had post MTX chemical meningitis. One had Posteriorreversible Encephalopathy syndrome secondary to hypertension(Steroid).Conclusion:Early recognition of neurological complication either disease or treatmentrelated is essential to control mortality & morbidity. Awareness ofdifferent treatment /disease related neurological manifestations  essential .

Childhood malignancies, neurological complications