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--- content:absence_seizures [2024/03/09 17:37] – biju.hameed@gmail.com
+++ content:absence_seizures [2024/03/09 17:46] (current) – biju.hameed@gmail.com
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 Absence seizures are short seizures with behavioural arrest and generalised 3-Hertz spike-and-wave discharges on EEG. Absence seizures occur in multiple genetic generalized epilepsies, including [[childhood absence epilepsy]] (CAE), [[juvenile absence epilepsy]] (JAE), and [[juvenile myoclonic epilepsy]] (JME).
 ===== Pathophysiology =====
-<imgcaption absences|Thalamocortical circuitry involved in the pathogenesis of absence seizures. Thalamic relay (TR) neurons exhibit spike-wave discharges that result from activation of T-type Ca++ channels, followed by hyperpolarization mediated by GABA released from thalamic reticular (NRT) neurons.>{{: content:absenceseizurespathophysiology.png?280x105}}</imgcaption>
+<imgcaption absences|Thalamocortical circuitry involved in the pathogenesis of absence seizures. Thalamic relay (TR) neurons exhibit spike-wave discharges that result from activation of T-type Ca++ channels, followed by hyperpolarization mediated by GABA released from thalamic reticular (NRT) neurons.>{{ :content:absenceseizurespathophysiology.png?280x105}}</imgcaption>
   * The pathogenesis of absence seizures involves the cortico-thalamic-cortical circuit[(:cite:pmid22989853>{{pmid>long:22989853}})]
   * Glutamatergic neurons from cortical layer VI send activation signals down to the thalamus' nucleus reticularis