AED Reference Ranges
Drug | Metabolite | Units | Ref. range | Ref. range metabolite |
---|---|---|---|---|
Acetazolamide | mg/L | 02-Dec | ||
Carbamazepine | Carbamazepine 10-11 epoxide | mg/L | 1.5-9 | |
Carbamazepine (free) | mg/L | 0.5-3 | ||
Clobazam | Desmethylclobazam | mcg/L | <200 | <200 |
Clonazepam | mcg/L | 25-85 | ||
Desmethylmethsuximide | mg/L | Oct-40 | ||
Diazepam | Nordiazepam | mg/L | <1.0 | <1.5 |
Ethosuximide | mg/L | 40-80 | ||
Felbamate | mg/L | 20-60 | ||
Gabapentin | mg/L | Feb-20 | ||
Oxcarbazepine | 10-hydroxy Carbamazepine | mg/L | 15-35 | |
Lamotrigine | mg/L | Jan-15 | ||
Levetiracetam | mg/L | Jun-20 | ||
Nitrazepam | mcg/L | 50-150 | ||
Phenobarbital | mg/L | May-30 | ||
Phenytoin | mg/L | Jul-20 | ||
Phenytoin (free) | mg/L | 0.7-2 | ||
Pregabalin | mg/L | * | ||
Primidone | Phenobarbital | mg/L | <13 | 15-30 |
Stiripentol | mg/L | * | ||
Sulthiame | mg/L | 02-Dec | ||
Tiagabine | mcg/L | 20-100 | ||
Topiramate | mg/L | May-20 | ||
Valproate | mg/L | 50-100 | ||
Valproate (free) | mg/l | 04-Nov | ||
Vigabatrin | mg/L | May-35 | ||
Zonisamide | mg/L | 15-4- |
Source: Dr David Berry, Guys Hospital, London adapted from Epilepsy. Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Neurology 2009